Appendix A:
Glossary
- Convention
: a legal instrument or treaty that sets out the human rights standards in
certain specific environments. Conventions are legally binding for Member States when
ratified, and Member States are obligated to implement and guarantee the rights stipulated
in a Convention.
- Gender
: On a basis determined by sex (male or female), we have assigned an "ideal"
identity for men and women. Gender is a SOCIAL product, so characteristics considered
feminine or masculine vary enormously across different cultures or time periods. "Gendered"
constructs include forms and patterns of social relations, practices associated with daily
life, symbols, customs, clothing, decoration, treatment of the body, and other elements
that vary greatly according to how a culture differentiates men and women.
- Sex
: refers to the biological difference between men and women.
- Sexual Abuse
: includes all sexual aggression and acts realized with or against
children or adolescents who do not understand or cannot avoid or refuse the abuse.
- Sexual Harassment
: all sexual comments, approaches, or physical or moral pressure to
have sex that are not consented to by the person being harassed. It is most often directed
by men toward women or by people with power over their subordinates. Gestures, caresses,
verbal expressions, and suggestive or actual sexual advances are all manifestations of
sexual harassment. (See Human Rights of Women: A Manual for Women and Men,
Bonaparte, Chiarotti, Habichayn.)
- Stereotypes
: are rigid conceptual constructions or generalizations that are based
only partly (if at all) on reality, to result in a model with which we can measure and
evaluate other people or groups.
- Violence
: We understand violence as an exercise of power that has as its objective
to maintain, construct or destroy an order of rights, producing as a consequence the
negation or restriction of the rights of the other. Some of the main tools of violence are
exercise of power, obtaining or maintaining determinate positions or advantages, and the
destruction or restriction of the rights of the other. (CLADEM bulletin, p. 38).
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